Capacitance is a property associated with which of the following?

Capacitance is fundamentally the ability of a component or circuit to store electrical energy in the form of an electric field. When a capacitor is charged, it accumulates electrical charge on its plates, creating a voltage difference across the plates. This stored energy can be released when needed in a circuit, making capacitance crucial for various applications such as smoothing voltage fluctuations, filtering signals, and energy storage.

In contrast, the other options refer to different electrical phenomena. Resistance pertains to the opposition to current flow in conductors and is more related to the resistive properties of materials. Induced electromotive force describes the process of generating voltage through changing magnetic fields, which relates to inductance rather than capacitance. Lastly, converting AC to DC generally involves rectification processes and is not directly associated with capacitance; instead, capacitors play a role in smoothing the output after conversion but are not the method for conversion itself.

Thus, the association of capacitance with the storage of electrical energy highlights its critical role in energy management within electrical circuits.