What does 'full duplex' indicate in communication systems?

In communication systems, 'full duplex' refers to a mode of communication where signals can be transmitted in both directions simultaneously. This capability allows for more efficient communication since both parties can send and receive messages at the same time, much like a natural conversation.

For instance, in a phone conversation, both speakers can talk and listen simultaneously, which facilitates a smoother and more interactive exchange of information. This is distinct from half duplex, where communication can occur in both directions, but only one way at a time, akin to a walkie-talkie where one person must wait for the other to finish before responding.

Understanding full duplex communication is essential when dealing with networking devices or systems that require real-time data exchange, as it can significantly enhance performance and user experience.